Full Port Ball Valves

A full port ball valve, also known as a full bore ball valve, is a type of ball valve that is specifically designed to allow for an unrestricted, straight-line flow of fluid or gas. The key feature that distinguishes it from other ball valves is the size of the hole in the ball—it is the same size as the internal diameter of the pipe it is connected to.

Full Port vs. Standard Port

The term "full port" is best understood in comparison to its counterpart, the "standard port" or "reduced port" ball valve.

Feature Full Port Ball Valve Standard Port Ball Valve
Bore/Port Size The internal bore is the same diameter as the connecting pipe. The internal bore is typically one pipe size smaller than the connecting pipe.
Flow Unrestricted, maximum flow. The valve acts as if it is a straight section of pipe. Restricted flow, as the fluid must pass through a smaller opening.
Pressure Drop Minimal to no pressure drop. Causes a more significant pressure drop.
Size & Cost Generally larger and more expensive due to the need for a larger ball and valve body. Smaller and more economical.
Best For Applications where maintaining full flow and minimizing pressure loss are critical. General-purpose applications where a slight flow restriction is acceptable and cost or space are a concern.

Why Use a Full Port Ball Valve?
Full port ball valves are used in situations where flow efficiency is a top priority. They are particularly beneficial in:

  • High-Flow Systems: When a large volume of fluid needs to be moved quickly and efficiently.
  • Viscous or Slurry Applications: The unobstructed path helps prevent solid particles from settling and clogging the valve.
  • Systems Requiring "Pigging": The straight, un-constricted bore allows a "pig" (a device used to clean pipelines) to pass through without getting stuck.
  • Pump Suction Lines: Using a full port valve on the suction side of a pump minimizes pressure drop, which helps prevent pump cavitation and ensures optimal performance.

While they are more expensive and larger than standard port valves, their benefits in terms of efficiency, reduced wear, and system performance often make them the preferred choice for a wide range of industrial, commercial, and even some residential applications where flow is critical.